Data sources and credits

Chart Gap is built from published survey data. We are grateful to the ships, crews, scientists and data centres who collected and shared it. None of these organisations endorses Chart Gap.

The map's Credits panel lists the exact attribution, licence and DOI of every layer and cruise shown in the area you are viewing.

Multibeam surveys

• NOAA NCEI / DCDB, via NOAA Open Data Dissemination (NODD): RV Nathaniel B. Palmer, RV Knorr, NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown, RV Roger Revelle and RV Thomas G. Thompson cruises. NOAA does not endorse this product.
• IEDA / Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS): RV Nathaniel B. Palmer multibeam (CC BY 4.0).
• Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), via PANGAEA: RV Polarstern processed and raw multibeam (CC BY 4.0 / CC BY 3.0, DOI per cruise).
• British Antarctic Survey: UK Polar Data Centre PDC-01143, doi:10.5285/70905d9c-6dc0-421b-b20b-1e2dff97e802 (Open Government Licence v3), and RRS James Clark Ross JR17003a via PANGAEA, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.916177 (CC BY 4.0).
• NOAA/IHO DCDB Crowdsourced Bathymetry (CC0).

Regional grids and coastline

• GMRT: Ryan et al. (2009), doi:10.1029/2008GC002332 (CC BY 4.0).
• GEBCO: GEBCO Compilation Group (2026) GEBCO 2026 Grid (public domain).
• IBCSO v2: Dorschel et al. (2022) (CC BY 4.0).
• SCAR Antarctic Digital Database (ADD) v7.12 high-resolution coastline: Gerrish, L., Ireland, L., Fretwell, P. & Cooper, P. (2025), BAS / SCAR (CC BY 4.0).
• GSHHG coastline: Wessel & Smith (LGPL).

Map overlays

• Satellite imagery: Skachkova, A. (2025). Sentinel-2 mosaic of the BAT (v24/25), BAS Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (OGL v3). Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel-2 data 2024-2025 processed by Google Earth Engine.
• Copernicus DEM GLO-30: © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018, provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA.
• ICESat-2 ATL24 v2 bathymetry: NASA NSIDC DAAC, via OpenAltimetry (satellite-derived depths, not survey data).
• Seafloor geomorphology: Post, A.L. et al. (2014). © Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2018, CC BY 4.0.
• Glacier fronts: Loebel et al. (2024, PANGAEA); Cook, Fox & Thomson (2021, UK Polar Data Centre, OGL v3); IceLines (DLR); Andreasen, Hogg & Selley (2023); Seehaus et al. (2016).
• Gravity-derived depths: Charrassin, Millan, Rignot & Scheinert, doi:10.1038/s41598-024-81599-1 (CC BY 4.0).
• King George Island topography: AWI; SCAR (2007), doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.837976 (CC BY 3.0). Admiralty Bay coastline: Jennings & Pudełko (2026), CC BY 4.0.
• Tide gauge: UHSLC / JASL Research Quality Data Set, station 700 Faraday-Vernadsky.

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